{"id":6426,"date":"2016-01-23T00:26:25","date_gmt":"2016-01-23T08:26:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/news.consciencelaws.org\/?p=6426"},"modified":"2018-04-26T22:09:27","modified_gmt":"2018-04-27T05:09:27","slug":"a-uniquely-canadian-approach-to-freedom-of-conscience","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.consciencelaws.org\/?p=6426","title":{"rendered":"A “uniquely Canadian approach” to freedom of conscience"},"content":{"rendered":"

Provincial-Territorial Experts recommend coercion to ensure delivery of euthanasia and assisted suicide<\/h2>\n

Recommendations designed to broaden and maximize impact of Supreme Court ruling<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sean Murphy*<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

<\/a>Abstract<\/h2>\n

\"AThe Experts’ recommendations are intended to extend and maximize the impact\u00a0of the Carter ruling. They will effectively require all institutions, facilities, associations, organizations and individuals providing either health care or residential living for elderly, handicapped or disabled persons to become enablers of euthanasia and assisted suicide. This will entail suppression or significant restriction of fundamental freedoms.<\/p>\n

The broader the criteria for the provision of morally contested procedures, and the more people and groups captured in the Experts’ enablers’ net, the greater the likelihood of conflicts of conscience.\u00a0 Relevant here are recommendations to make euthanasia\/assisted suicide available to mentally ill and incompetent persons, and to children and adolescents, even without the knowledge of their parents.<\/p>\n

The Experts’ distinction between “faith-based” and “non-faith-based” facilities is meaningless. They impose identical obligations on both. All will be forced to allow homicide and suicide on their premises, or compelled to arrange for euthanasia or assisted suicide elsewhere.
\nLikewise, they recommend that objecting physicians be forced to actively enable homicide or suicide by providing referrals, arranging direct transfers or enlisting or arranging the enlistment of patients in a euthanasia\/assisted suicide delivery system.<\/p>\n

The Supreme Court did not rule that people ought to be compelled to become parties to homicide and suicide, but that is what the Experts recommend. This is not a reasonable limitation of fundamental freedoms, but a reprehensible attack on them and a serious violation of human dignity.<\/p>\n

Other countries make euthanasia and assisted suicide available without attacking fundamental freedoms. In this respect, the Experts’ claim to have produced “a uniquely Canadian approach to this important issue” is regrettably accurate. They fail to provide any evidence that the suppression of freedom of fundamental freedoms they propose can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society.<\/p>\n

\n

<\/a>Table of Contents<\/h2>\n

I.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Background<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

I.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Formation and work of the Advisory Group<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

II.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Overview of the Final Report<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

II.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Moral\/ethical unanimity <\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nII.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Statement of Principles and Values”<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nII.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Recommendations broadening the <\/span>Carter<\/span><\/em> <\/em>criteria <\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nII.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Recommendations impacting freedom of conscience and religion<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

III.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Experts’ “uniquely Canadian approach”<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

III.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expanded criteria and increasing likelihood of conflict<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

III.1.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Irremediable medical condition”.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Euthanasia approved for future suffering.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No waiting\/reflection period.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.10\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Adolescents and children.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.13\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Euthanasia\/assisted suicide by non-physicians.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.15\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Doctor shopping.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.18\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physicians need not be present at suicides.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.20\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Euthanasia\/assisted suicide wherever people live. <\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.1.22\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Families, caregivers may not be advised.<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

III.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Institutions, associations, organizations<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

III.2.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The meaning of institution.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.2.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 All “institutions” must allow\/arrange euthanasia\/assisted suicide <\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.2.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 All “institutions” must disclose policies.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.2.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Institutions” may not manifest or enforce commitments <\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

III.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objecting physicians: information, disclosure, non-discrimination<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

III.3.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objecting physicians must provide information.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.3.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objecting physicians must disclose views and their implications.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.3.11\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objecting physicians must not illicitly discriminate.<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

III.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objecting physicians must become critical enablers<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

III.4.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Referral or direct transfer of care.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.4.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Referral to “system\/third party.”<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIII.4.8\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Experts’ proposal and the CMA’s proposal.<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

IV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Project response<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

IV.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expert recommendations broadening Carter<\/em><\/span> criteria<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIV.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expert recommendations and fundamental freedoms in general<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nIV.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expert recommendations and freedom of conscience<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

V.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Conclusion<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n
\n

Appendix “A”\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/a>Supreme Court of Canada, Carter v. Canada (Attorney General)<\/em><\/span>, 2015 SCC 5<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

A1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Carter<\/em><\/span> criteria for euthanasia and physician assisted suicide<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nA2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Carter<\/em><\/span> and the criminal law<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nA3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Carter <\/em><\/span>and freedom of conscience and religion<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Appendix “B”\u00a0 Expert recommendations re: broadening Carter <\/em><\/span>criteria<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

B1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expanding the <\/span> Carter <\/span> <\/em>criteria<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

B1.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Grievous and irremediable medical condition” includes mental illness <\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB1.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Suffering not a prerequisite <\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB1.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Competence not a prerequisite: euthanasia for dementia<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB1.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Euthanasia and assisted suicide for children and adolescents<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB1.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Assessment, euthanasia and assisted suicide by non-physicians<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

B2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Increasing the impact of<\/strong> Carter<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

B2.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Doctor shopping<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB2.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 No “waiting\/reflection” period<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB2.5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physicians need not be present at suicides<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB2.6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Euthanasia & assisted suicide in hospitals, hospices, etc.<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nB2.7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Families and caregivers may not be advised<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Appendix “C”\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Expert recommendations re: freedom of conscience and religion<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

C1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Institutions<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

C1.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Meaning of “institution”<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\n<\/a>C1.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Institutions” must allow or arrange for euthanasia or assisted suicide<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\n<\/a>C1.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 All “institutions” must disclose position on euthanasia and assisted suicide<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\n<\/a>C1.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “Institutions” must not require patients\/residents to give up “the right to access,” interfere with employees providing eutanasia or assisted suicide elsewhere<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

C2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Objecting physicians\/health care providers<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

C2.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Must provide information on “all options”<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Must disclose views on euthanasia and assisted suicide<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Must not discriminate<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Must act as critical enablers<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

C2.4.1\u00a0 Three alternatives<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.4.2\u00a0 Referral<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.4.3\u00a0 Direct transfer of care<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.4.4\u00a0 Transfer to “a publicly-funded system” or “third party”<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nC2.4.5\u00a0 The Experts’ “system\/third party” and the CMA’s “central service”<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Appendix “D”\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Canadian Medical Association on euthanasia and assisted suicide<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

D1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CMA policy: Euthanasia and Assisted Death<\/em><\/span> (2014)<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nD2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CMA Annual General Council, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

D2.1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Surveys on support for euthanasia\/assisted suicide<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nD2.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Physician freedom of conscience<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

D3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CMA rejects “effective referral”<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Appendix “E”\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 International comparisons<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

E1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Netherlands<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nE2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Luxembourg<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nE3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Belgium<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nE4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Oregon<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nE5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Washington<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nE6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vermont<\/span><\/span><\/a>
\nE7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 California<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Appendix “F”\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 An Act to Safeguard Against Homicide and Suicide<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/h2>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Provincial-Territorial Experts recommend coercion to ensure delivery of euthanasia and assisted suicide Recommendations designed to broaden and maximize impact of Supreme Court ruling Sean Murphy* Abstract The Experts’ recommendations are intended to extend and maximize the impact\u00a0of the Carter ruling. They will effectively require all institutions, facilities, associations, organizations and individuals providing either health care … Continue reading “A “uniquely Canadian approach” to freedom of conscience”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5432,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,32,2055,5,162,8,36,287,295],"tags":[74,572,101,385,2107,2108,1197,2111,1890,2110,386,566,2106,293,2109,317,1767],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-6426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-assisted-suicide","category-canada","category-countries","category-ethics","category-euthanasia","category-legal-commentary","category-essays","category-protection-of-conscience-project","category-religious-freedom","tag-arthur-schafer","tag-canadian-medical-association","tag-carter-v-canada","tag-college-of-physicians-and-surgeons-of-ontario","tag-doug-cochrane","tag-jennifer-gibson","tag-jocelyn-downie","tag-karima-velji","tag-maureen-taylor","tag-nuala-kenny","tag-ontario-human-rights-commission","tag-physicians","tag-provincial-territorial-expert-advisory-group-on-physician-assisted-dying","tag-referral","tag-ruth-goba","tag-sean-murphy","tag-trevor-theman"],"yoast_head":"\r\nA "uniquely Canadian approach" to freedom of conscience - Protection of Conscience Project News<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/news.consciencelaws.org\/?p=6426\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A "uniquely Canadian approach" to freedom of conscience - Protection of Conscience Project News\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Provincial-Territorial Experts recommend coercion to ensure delivery of euthanasia and assisted suicide Recommendations designed to broaden and maximize impact of Supreme Court ruling Sean Murphy* Abstract The Experts’ recommendations are intended to extend and maximize the impact\u00a0of the Carter ruling. 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